Burlington, Vermont

Burlington
City
Church Street Marketplace
Flag Seal
Nicknames: BTV, The Queen City [1] [2]
Show Burlington Show Vermont Show the United States
Burlington Show map of Vermont Burlington Show map of the United States
Coordinates:44°28′33″N73°12′43″W / 44.47583°N 73.21194°W /44.47583; -73.21194[3]
Country	United States
U.S. state	Vermont
County	Chittenden
Region	New England
Settled	1783
Organized (town)	1785
Incorporated (city)	1865
Government
•Mayor	Emma Mulvaney-Stanak(P)
•City Council	Members [4] Carter Neubieser (P)[5] Eugene Bergman (P) Joe Kane (P)[6] Sarah E. Carpenter (D) Ben Traverse (D) Karen Paul (D) Evan Litwin (D)[7] Hannah King (D) Melo Grant (P) Timothy C. Doherty, Jr. (D) Mark Barlow (I) Joan Shannon (D)
Area [8]
•City	15.47 sq mi (40.13 km2)
• Land	10.31 sq mi (26.69 km2)
• Water	5.16 sq mi (13.44 km2)
Elevation [3]	200 ft (61 m)
Population ( 2020) [9]
•City	44,743
• Rank	Vermont: 1st
• Density	4,339.3/sq mi (1,675.4/km2)
•Urban	118,032 (U.S.:289th)
• Urban density	1,903.3/sq mi (734.9/km2)
•Metro	225,562 (U.S.:208th)
Time zone	UTC−5(EST)
• Summer (DST)	UTC−4(EDT)
ZIP Codes	05401–05402, 05405–05406, 05408
Area code	802
FIPS code	50-10675
GNISfeature ID	1456663[3][10]
U.S. Highways
State Routes
Website	www.burlingtonvt.gov

Burlingtonis themost populous cityin the U.S. state ofVermontand theseatofChittenden County. It is located 45 miles (72 km) south of theCanada–United States borderand 95 miles (153 km) south ofMontreal. As of the2020 U.S. census, the population was 44,743. It is theleast populous city in the 50 U.S. states to be the most populous city in its state.

A regionalcollege town, Burlington is home to theUniversity of Vermont(UVM) andChamplain College. Vermont's largest hospital, theUVM Medical Center, is within the city limits. The City of Burlington owns Vermont's largest airport, thePatrick Leahy Burlington International Airport, located in neighboringSouth Burlington. In 2015, Burlington became the first city in the U.S. to run entirely onrenewable energy.^[11]

Two theories have been put forward regarding the origin of Burlington's name. The first is that it was named afterRichard Boyle, 3rd Earl of Burlington, and the second is that the name honors the politically prominent and wealthy Burling family of New York. While no Burling family members are listed as grantees of the town, the family held large tracts of land in nearby towns, some of which were granted on the same day as Burlington.^[12]

One of theNew Hampshire grants, the land that was developed as Burlington was awarded by New Hampshire colonial governorBenning Wentworthon June 7, 1763, to Samuel Willis and 63 others.^[13]In the summer of 1775, settlers began clearing the land and built two or three log huts, but the outbreak of theAmerican Revolutionary Wardelayed permanent settlement until after its conclusion. The town was organized in 1785.^[13]

In 1808 the world's first lake-goingsteamboatwas built in Burlington.^[14]

TheWar of 1812was unpopular in Vermont and the rest ofNew England, which had numerous trading ties with Canada. Neither Vermont nor other New England states provided militia units or financial support. Vermont voters supported theFederalist Party, which opposed the war.^[15]

At one point during the war, the U.S. had 5,000 troops stationed in Burlington, outnumbering residents and putting a strain on resources. About 500 soldiers died of disease, which was always a problem due to poor sanitation in army camps.^[16]Some soldiers were quartered in the main building at theUniversity of Vermont, where a memorial plaque commemorates them.^[17]

In a skirmish on August 2, 1813, British forces from Canada shelled Burlington. This is described as either a bold stroke by the British with an ineffectual response from the Americans or as a weak sally by the British, which was rightly ignored by the Americans. The cannonade lasted about 10 minutes and caused no casualties. The American troops involved were commanded by Naval LieutenantThomas Macdonough, later a hero of theBattle of Lake Champlain.^[15]

The town's position onLake Champlainhelped it develop into a port of entry and center for trade, particularly after completion of theChamplain Canalin 1823, theErie Canalin 1825, and theChambly Canalin 1843. Wharves allowed steamboats to connect freight and passengers with theRutland & Burlington Railroadand theVermont Central Railroad. Burlington became a bustling lumbering and manufacturing center – for some time the third largest lumber market in the world^[18]– and was incorporated as a city in 1865. ItsVictorian-eraprosperity left behind much fine architecture, including buildings byAmmi B. Young,H.H. Richardson, andMcKim, Mead & White.

On September 5, 1901, U.S. vice presidentTheodore Rooseveltspoke to a Civil War fraternal group in Burlington. Nine days later, he became U.S. president when President McKinley died.^[19]

In 1870, the waterfront was extended by construction of the Pine Street Barge Canal.^[20]This became polluted over the years and was a focus for cleanup in 2009 under the U.S.Environmental Protection Agency'sSuperfundprogram.^[21]In fact, the entire Burlington waterfront was a derelict wasteland as late as the mid-1980s, with rail yards, industrial uses and 90 oil storage tanks crowding the 60 acres of shoreline filled into the harbor during the lumbering era.^[22]

In 1980 two 18 story luxury condominium towers were proposed for the waterfront, just north of College Street. Opposition to that proposal led to the formation of the Citizens Waterfront Group to advocate for a bike path along the shore instead.^[23]

In 1987 former Mayor Bernie Sanders proposed a community boathouse to anchor public redevelopment at the waterfront.^[24]The land filled into the harbor was eventually redesigned for public use in a decision of the Vermont Supreme Court in 1989.^[25]

By 1990 the Burlington Bike Path was complete, from Oakledge Park in the south, to the Winooski River in the north. In 2004, Governor Howard Dean obtained funding for construction of a bike bridge across the Winooski River, allowing the bike path to be extended four miles out into the lake on the old railroad causeway to the Champlain Islands, now known as the Island Line Trail. In 1978, the ice cream enterpriseBen & Jerry'swas founded in Burlington in a renovated gas station. It became a national brand, with retail outlets in numerous cities.^[26]

The local bicycle advocacy that emerged from this effort led to the formation of the non-profit Local Motion. They now run a bike ferry during the summer to get bicycles across a 200 yard gap in the railroad causeway, so they can get all the way out to the Lake Champlain islands.^[27]

In 2021, following the2021 Israel–Palestine crisis, the city council scheduled a vote on a "Resolution In Solidarity with the Palestinian People" for September 13. The resolution called on the city council to "express its solidarity with the Palestinian people, condemn anti-boycott legislation, and endorse the Palestinian-ledBoycott, Divestment and Sanctionsmovement, which calls for nonviolent pressure on Israel." The authors' stated reasons for introducing the resolution wereIsraeli settlementsin the West Bank, an ongoing "military siege and an economic blockade" ofGaza, and US military aid to Israel.^[28]They also cited reports byHuman Rights WatchandB'Tselemthat find Israel guilty of thecrime of apartheid.^[29][30]

TheAmerican Jewish Committeecondemned the resolution as "deceptive and one-sided" and criticized it for its sole focus on Israel.^[31]A coalition of local rabbis and community groups condemned the resolution as well, citing the timing of the vote during the JewishHigh Holy Days, betweenRosh HashanahandYom Kippur, and fears that the resolution would fuelantisemitism.^[32]Former mayorMiro Weinbergercalled the resolution "inappropriate and counterproductive."^[33]In a 6–5 vote, the council decided to withdraw the resolution.^[34][35]

In 2023, three Palestinian-American students wereshot and injuredin an incident duringThanksgivingbreak.^[36]

The city of Burlington is situated on the eastern shore ofLake Champlain, north of Shelburne Bay. It was built on a strip of land extending about 6 miles (9.7 km) south from the mouth of theWinooski Riveralong the lake shore, and rises from the water's edge to a height of 300 feet (91 m).^[37]

A large ravine in what is now downtown was filled in with refuse and raw sewage in the 19th century to make way for further development.^[38][39]

Burlington is characterized by its neighborhoods, which are generally recognized as follows:

• Downtown: The city's commercial hub is north of Maple Street, west of South Willard Street, and mostly south of Pearl Street (as it includes all property along Pearl Street that is west of South Willard Street).
• Hill Section: Burlington's wealthiest neighborhood is east of South Union Street and Shelburne Street, and south of Main Street, but excludes UVM and University Terrace while including all ofChamplain College.^[40]The Hill Section is where the Burlington Country Club is situated.
• The Intervale: The Intervale cannot be considered a neighborhood but is a large area encompassing many locally owned organic farms and nature preserves along theWinooski River. Located to the north of the Old North End and east of the New North End, it is included on this list because its total area is larger than that of most neighborhoods in Burlington.
• New North End: Burlington's most populous neighborhood, a northwest suburban extension of the city, includes all points north ofBurlington High School, as well as Leddy Park, Ethan Allen Park, and North Beach, and is west ofVermont Route 127(the "Burlington Beltline").
• Old North End: Burlington's oldest and most densely populated neighborhood is north of all property along Pearl Street, west of Hyde Street and North Willard Street, and is inclusive of areas north of Downtown and west of the University District but south of the New North End and the Intervale. It is here that Burlington's largely Jewish neighborhood known asLittle Jerusalemflourished from the 1880s to the 1930s.^[41]
• South End: A once mostly industrial and now mostly artistic^[42]district south of Downtown and west of the Hill Section, it includes the waterfront Oakledge Park and is home to the headquarters of many of Burlington's nationally known companies likeBurton SnowboardsandDealer.com.
• University District: The University District is north of the Burlington Country Club, south of the Winooski River, east of Willard Street north of Main, and east of a large chunk of the Hill Section. It includesUVMand many former single-family homes converted to student andyuppieapartments (although these are everywhere throughout the city limits and metropolitan area).

Burlington has ahot-summer humid continental climate(KöppenDfa), with cold winters and humid summers. The monthly daily average temperatures range from 21 °F (−6.1 °C) in January to 72 °F (22.2 °C) in July. The annual precipitation of 43 inches (1,092 mm) is well-distributed throughout the year, but the summer months are the wettest. The city's location east ofLake Champlainsometimes accounts for localizedsnow squalls, producing up to 13 inches (33 cm) in 12 hours on rare occasions.^[43]Annual snowfall averages 86 inches (218 cm), but this figure can fluctuate greatly from one year to another. Temperature extremes have ranged from −30 °F (−34 °C) on January 15, 1957, and February 12, 1979, to 101 °F (38 °C) on August 11, 1944.^[44]The most recorded snowfall from a single storm is 33.1 inches (84.1 cm), which fell January 2–3, 2010.^[45]

For the Northeastern United States, aheat waveis defined as having three consecutive days of 90 °F (32 °C) or more. There were six such heat waves from 2000–2009.^[46]

Historical population

Census	Pop.	Note	%±
1790	330		—
1800	816		147.3%
1810	1,690		107.1%
1820	2,111		24.9%
1830	3,526		67.0%
1840	4,271		21.1%
1850	7,585		77.6%
1860	7,713		1.7%
1870	13,596		76.3%
1880	11,365		−16.4%
1890	14,590		28.4%
1900	18,640		27.8%
1910	20,468		9.8%
1920	22,779		11.3%
1930	24,789		8.8%
1940	27,686		11.7%
1950	33,155		19.8%
1960	35,531		7.2%
1970	38,633		8.7%
1980	37,712		−2.4%
1990	39,127		3.8%
2000	38,889		−0.6%
2010	42,417		9.1%
2020	44,743		5.5%
U.S. Decennial Census[51]

According to the2020 United States census, there were 44,743 people living in Burlington.^[52]The racial makeup of the city was 85.6%White, 4.4%BlackorAfrican American, 0.4%American Indian, 4.6%Asian, and 4.8% from two or more races.HispanicorLatinoorigin made up 3.8% of the population.^[52]

There were 17,174 households and the average number of persons per household was 2.16.^[52]

According to theAmerican Community Surveyfor 2017–2021, the median income for a household in the city was $59,331.^[52]Among workers with full-time, year-round work, males had a median income of $50,552 versus $38,418 for females. Theper capita incomefor the city was $34,054.^[52]About 23.8% of the population was below thepoverty threshold.^[52]

The median value of owner-occupied housing units was $338,100.^[52]

Burlington's economy centers on education, health services, trade, transportation, and utilities, and some manufacturing. In February 2023^[update], the city had an unemployment rate of 2.1%.^[53]Mean annual wages were $63,180 in 2022^[update]; the state was $59,190.^[54][55]

As of 2019^[update],Moody'sset the city'sbond credit ratingat Aa3, "high" quality.^[56]

The largest employers in the city, and the state overall, are theUniversity of Vermont Medical Centerand theUniversity of Vermont, employing over 8,200 and 4,125 people, respectively.^[57][58]Other companies in Burlington include Blodgett Ovens, one of the oldest and largest commercial oven companies in the country, which manufactures restaurant equipment.^[59]General Electricdevelops software for the healthcare industry inSouth Burlingtonat the former headquarters ofIDX Systems, which it purchased in 2006.General DynamicsArmament and Technical Products division employ 450 workers locally. A solely owned subsidiary, the division is based here.^[60]Dealer.com, a leading automotive internet marketing company, employs over 700 people.^[61][62]

Ben & Jerry'sbegan in 1978 when Ben Cohen and Jerry Greenfield opened their first ice cream scoop shop in an old gas station in Burlington and now has a worldwide market and is based in neighboring South Burlington.^[63]Vermont Teddy Bear Company, whose founder started on a cart on a Burlington street, now ships custom teddy bears worldwide and is based in nearbyShelburne.^[64]

Corporate headquarters located in Burlington includeBurton Snowboards,Bruegger's, Lake Champlain Chocolates,Rhino Foods, andSeventh Generation Inc.^[65][66][67]

In 2017^[update], Burlington had $591.7 million inretail sales.^[52]

TheChurch Street Marketplace, a four-block pedestrian mall in the heart of the city, is the site of festivals throughout the year. Events such as the "South End Art Hop" and public galleries such asPine Street Art Works, provide a forum for the visual arts in the South End.

A "Festival of Fools" had an estimated 25,000 attendees at the Marketplace in 2009.^[68]The "Vermont Brewers Festival" had 9,600 attendees in 2009,^[68]and the "Giant Pumpkin Regatta and Festival" had 5,000 attendees that same year;Saturday Night Livesatirized the event.^[68]One of the largest year-roundfarmers' marketsin the state of Vermont is located in the city.^[69]

Dragon boatraces to benefit charity have been held in Lake Champlain in August since 2006.^[70][71]In 2009, there were approximately 2,000 participants on 86 teams.^[72]

An annualFirst Nightcommunity celebration of the arts on New Year's Eve was founded in 1983 with funding from the National Endowment on the Arts and Vermont Council on the Arts. It ran for 35 years before shutting down in 2018.^[73]

Drag troupe, theHouse of LeMay,^[74]hosts the annual "Winter is a Drag Ball"^[75]which raises funds for HIV/AIDS-related organizations.^[76]

The Emily Post Institute, an etiquette organization, is headquartered here.

The city has, over the years, supported several local bands and has launched a handful of national acts. The most famous of these isPhish, which originated at UVM in 1983.^[77]

Other acts with ties to the city includeMatisyahu,^[78]Kat Wright,^[79][80]Strangefolk,The Essex Green,RAQ,James Kochalka,The Jazz Mandolin Project,Pork Tornado,Anaïs Mitchell,Greg Davis,Koushik,Grace Potter and the Nocturnals,Dispatch,Prydein,Eugene HutzofGogol Bordello,Noah Kahan,Morgan Page,KT Tunstall,Rubblebucket,The Vacant Lots,Drowningman,99 Neighbors, Greg Freeman,^[81]andTwiddle.^[82]

The "South End Art Hop" is an annual event presented by the South End Arts and Business Association.^[83]Artists join businesses, artist studios, and galleries, which in turn open their doors to the public throughout the post-industrial section of Burlington, known as the "South End". The first Art Hop in 1993 had a little more than thirty artists and a dozen sites participating.^{[citation needed]}In 2008, over 600 artists showcased their works in over 100 sites throughout the South End of Burlington.^{[citation needed]}The event takes place on the Friday and Saturday following Labor Day in September.^{[citation needed]}

The city has an art department, Burlington City Arts, which serves many roles including cultural planning, education, showing contemporary art and hosting cultural events atThe BCA Center. Burlington City Arts also runs a program in collaboration with UVM Medical Center, Art from the Heart, where patients have access to art supplies and devoted volunteer time.^{[citation needed]}

TheFletcher Free Librarywas established in 1873, endowed byMary Martha Fletcher, the daughter of a local businessman, but outgrew its initial building on Church Street by 1901. A new building was constructed in 1901–04 with funds provided by industrialist and philanthropistAndrew Carnegie, making it the first of the fourCarnegie librariesin Vermont. It was designed in theBeaux-Artsstyle by Walter R. B. Willcox of Burlington, who won a competition to receive the commission.^[84]

The building had major settling problems in 1973 where it had been built over a former railroad ravine, which had been improperly filled in, and the library's collection was moved elsewhere. The possible razing of the building was stopped by a citizens' committee, which successfully had it added to theNational Register of Historic Places, and a grant allowed the stabilization and repair of the building. A new modern addition was completed in 1981.^[84][85]

The largest public library in Vermont, and listed on theNational Register of Historic Places, the Fletcher Free Library had a budget of over $1 million in 2002. It circulated more books, had more visitors, and had more computers, than any other library in Vermont.^[86]In addition to its primary services as Burlington's public library, it is also a community center, a cultural resource for newly arrived immigrants to the Burlington area, and the city's only free public access computer center.

• Ethan Allen Homestead Museum^[87]
• Chittenden County Historical Society & Museum^[88]
• World's Tallest Filing Cabinet
• ECHO, Leahy Center for Lake Champlain^[89]
• Robert Hull Fleming Museumat the University of Vermont^[90]
• Flynn Center for the Performing Arts^[91]
• Burlington Memorial Auditorium(currently closed)
• Burlington Waterfront Park^[92]
• The 1885 building of Ohavi Zedek, one of theoldest synagogue buildingsstill standing in the United States^[93]

Many of Burlington's historic buildings and sites have been recognized by their inclusion on theNational Register of Historic Places(NRHP). In addition to 28 buildings, three shipwrecks and the Burlington Breakwater, the city encompasses 17 historic districts.^[94]

Churches in Burlington include the North AvenueAllianceChurch, FirstBaptistChurch, FirstCongregationalChurch, theEpiscopalCathedral Church of St. Paul, the FirstUnited MethodistChurch, Christ Church (Presbyterian), theRoman CatholicCathedral of St. Joseph—theepiscopal seefor theDiocese of Burlington, the FirstUnitarian UniversalistSociety, Dormition of the Mother of God Orthodox Church (Greek Orthodox Archdiocese of America), the College Street Congregational Church (United Church of Christ), The Burlington Church of Christ, and thenon-denominationalChurch at the Well. TheConservativeOhavi Zedeksynagogue is also located in the city, and there is an active Meeting of theReligious Society of Friends(Quakers). Synagogues in Burlington include the Chabad of Vermont, Ohavi Zedek, Ahavath Gerim, Ruach HaMaqom, and Ohavi Zedek Chavurah.

TheHoward Mortuary ChapelinLakeview Cemeterywas built in 1882 as a gift to the City of Burlington from Hannah Louisa Howard, a local philanthropist. A native of the city, she was the daughter of John Howard, a successful Burlington hotelier. The chapel was designed in theHigh Victorian Gothic styleby Alfred Benjamin Fisher, on cemetery grounds designed by E. C. Ryer in 1871.^[95]

TheIra Allen Chapel, on the grounds of theUniversity of Vermontcampus, was completed in 1926, and was designed in the Georgian Revival style byMcKim, Mead & White. The chapel's flashing beacon provides a nighttime landmark for those approaching Burlington from Lake Champlain. The chapel is part of the University Green Historic District.^[96]

Two of the cathedrals in Burlington—the Episcopal Cathedral Church of St. Paul and the former Roman CatholicCathedral of the Immaculate Conception—are modern structures built after their predecessors were destroyed by arson fires in 1971–1972.^[97]The Episcopal Cathedral was completed in 1973 and was designed by Burlington Associates (now TruexCollins) in theBrutaliststyle, while the Roman Catholic Cathedral was built in 1974–1977 and was designed byEdward Larrabee Barnes, with the park-like grounds designed by landscape architectDan Kiley.^[97]Immaculate Conception was closed in 2018 and replaced by the Cathedral of Saint Joseph (Neoclassical, 1887).^[98]

Team	Sport(s)	League	Stadium
Vermont Lake Monsters	Baseball	Futures Collegiate Baseball League	Centennial Field
Vermont Catamounts	Various	NCAA Division I	Gutterson Fieldhouse
Vermont Green FC	Association Football	USL League Two	Virtue Field

TheVermont Lake Monstersof theFutures Collegiate Baseball League, a collegiate summer baseball team, were formerly called theVermont Expos. The team changed its name in 2007 after its parent Major League Baseball club, theMontreal Exposof theNational League, moved from Montreal to Washington, D.C., and became theWashington Nationals. In 2010, the Lake Monsters ended its 17-year association with the Expos/Nationals and became the Class A affiliate of theOakland Athleticsof theAmerican League.^[99]The Lake Monsters play on the campus of theUniversity of Vermontat Centennial Field.

Burlington has a rich hockey history, and was the location of the first known internationalice hockeymatch,^[100]held between theMontreal Crystalsand employees of theVan Ness House, a local hotel, during the1886 Burlington Winter Carnival. TheUniversity of Vermont's men's hockey team, theCatamounts, play their home games at the 4,007-seatGutterson Field Houseon the UVM campus.^[101][102]

A professional basketball franchise, theVermont Frost Heaves, played half of their season in the city until the team folded in 2011.^[103]The team, which originally was part of theAmerican Basketball Association—not to be confused with the 1970s-era major basketball league of the same name that merged with the National Basketball Association—moved to thePremier Basketball Leaguein 2008 and split their regular-season home games between Burlington andBarre. The Frost Heaves, owned bySports IllustratedwriterAlexander Wolff, played their Burlington games at the Memorial Auditorium, on South Union Street, at the corner of Main. However, the franchise folded in early 2011.

TheVermont City Marathonhas drawn thousands of competitors annually.^[104]A localGolden Glovesboxingtournament has been held annually since 1946.^[105]

Burlington was a venue site for the2012 International Ice Hockey Federation Women's World Championship.

Burlington has had amayor–council form of governmentsince 1865 with its first mayor beingAlbert L. Catlin.^[106]DemocratsandProgressivesmake up the majority of the council.Emma Mulvaney-Stanak, the current mayor, is aProgressivewho was firstelectedin March 2024. The city council has twelve seats. As of 2024, the city council is composed of six Democrats, five Progressives, and one independent. Ben Traverse, a Democrat, is the current Council President.

U.S. senator and two-time presidential candidateBernie Sandersserved as themayorof Burlington from 1981 to 1989. His election in1981unseated longstanding mayorGordon Paquetteand drastically altered the political landscape of the city. Mayor Sanders created a government that was run by young Progressives, includingPeter Clavelle, who was elected mayor of the city when Sanders stepped down to run for higher office. Peter Clavelle, Burlington's longest-serving mayor, held the office from 1989 to 1993, and again from 1995 to 2006.^[107]

In the 1980s, the successive reelections of a self-proclaimed "socialist" drew attention from the national media. Sanders has dispelled the notion that his first victory, secured by a narrow margin, was "just a fluke".^[108]

The large transient student population votes in local, state, and national elections, resulting in a considerable impact on local elections.^[109]The city signed up 2,527 new voters in the six weeks from September 1, 2008, the highest number for that time frame in over nine years.^[110]

As a nonprofit institution, theUniversity of Vermontpays no real estate taxes; however, like many other educational institutions, it makes an annual payment in place of taxes. In 2007, the college agreed to raise this from $456,006 to $912,011 in 2010 plus a "public works" supplement rising from $180,040 to $191,004 over the same time frame.^[111]

The city maintains three parks on Lake Champlain. All three are free for public access, with two having parking fees.

In March 2021, Burlington residents voted to implementranked-choice votingfor city councilors. It passed with 64% support. In March 2023, Burlington residents voted to expand ranked-choice voting in city elections, to include races for mayor, city councilors, School Commissioners, Ward Clerks, and Inspectors of Election. This passed with 64% support.^[112]

Burlington School Districtoperates the city's public schools.

Schools:

• Burlington High School
• The Sustainability Academy (at Lawrence Barnes Elementary)
• Edmunds Elementary School, named afterGeorge F. Edmunds, a U.S. senator for 25 years, from 1866 to 1891
• Edmunds Middle School, (formerly Burlington High School)
• Lyman C. Hunt Middle School
• Flynn Elementary School
• Champlain Elementary School
• C. P. Smith Elementary
• The Integrated Arts Academy (at H.O. Wheeler Elementary)

In Burlington, students have two choices of magnet schools: the Integrated Arts Academy at H.O. Wheeler (IAA) and the Sustainability Academy at Lawrence Barnes (SA).^[113]

• Christ the King School
• Mater Christi School
• Rock Point School

This section needs expansion. You can help by adding to it. (May 2023)

TheUniversity of Vermont(UVM) andChamplain Collegeare located in Burlington. The UVM Medical Center is home to one of the ten most selective medical schools in the U.S., theRobert Larner College of Medicine.^[114]TheCommunity College of Vermonthad a site located in Burlington until 2010 when a new building in the adjacent city ofWinooskiwas constructed for the college.Saint Michael's Collegeand a satellite campus ofSouthern New Hampshire Universityare in the neighboring town ofColchester.Vermont Technical Collegealso has a satellite campus in nearbyWilliston.

Burlington is the media center of northern and central Vermont. It is served by:

• The Burlington Free Press, a daily newspaper delivered throughout Vermont^[115]
• Seven Days, a free weekly newspaper delivered in bulk to pickup points throughout the Burlington metropolitan area and central Vermont, emphasizing arts and culture^[116]
• Vermont Business Magazine^[117]
• VTDigger^[118]
• The Natural Philosopher, a monthly science news journal articulating primary literature in neuroscience, biochemistry, and genetics.^[119]The Natural Philosopheris a student-run publication based at the University of Vermont.

Major radio stations that are based in Burlington and serve the region:

• WBTZ(The Buzz) – 99.9 FM (modern rock)
• WCPV(101.3 ESPN) – 101.3 FM (sports)
• WCVT(101 The One) – 101.7 FM (classic album tracks)
• WEZF(Star 92.9) – 92.9 FM (hot adult contemporary)
• WIZN(The Wizard) – 106.7 FM (classic rock)
• WJOY– 1230 AM (adult standards)
• WKOL(KOOL 105) – 105.1 FM (classic hits)
• WNCS and W227AQ(The Point) – 104.7 and 93.3 FM, respectively (Triple-A)
• WOKO– 98.9 FM (country)
• WOXR(Vermont Public Radio) – 90.9 FM (classical)
• WRUV(University of Vermont) – 90.1 FM (variety)
• WTNN(Eagle Country) – 97.5 FM
• WVMT– 620 AM (news/talk)
• WVPS(Vermont Public Radio) – 107.9 FM (news & information), National Public Radio
• WWPV(Saint Michael's College) – 92.5 FM (variety)
• WXXX– 95.5 FM (Hit Music Station)

Five network-affiliated television stations serve the greater Burlington area. They includeWFFF-TVchannel 44 (Fox), its sister stationWVNYchannel 22 (ABC),WPTZchannel 5 (NBC, withMe-TVon DT3), its sister stationWNNEchannel 31 (CW), andWCAX-TVchannel 3 (CBS). All of the stations (including WVNY and WNNE which share news departments with WFFF-TV and WPTZ, respectively) operate news departments. Although licensed to Burlington, WCAX is based in neighboringSouth Burlington, while WPTZ islicensedtoPlattsburgh, New York(though also locating its main studio to South Burlington in 2019). WFFF and WVNY are also based in Colchester, while WNNE is licensed toMontpelier.Comcastis the metro area's major cable television service provider, although residents within the Burlington city limits are also served by municipally-ownedBurlington Telecom.

Burlington is the central focus ofGreen Mountain Transit(GMT), which provides bus service within the city and to and from surrounding municipalities.

On June 15, 2011, theChittenden County Transportation Authorityannounced that it had changed its charter, effective July 1, 2011, to allow municipalities outside Chittenden County to join CCTA as member communities, thereby allowing CCTA to become Vermont's first regional transit authority. As part of its expansion, the CCTA merged with theGreen Mountain Transit Authority(GMTA), which provided bus service in the Barre-Montpelier area and surrounding communities in central Vermont.^[120]

Greyhoundprovides intercity bus service from thePatrick Leahy Burlington International Airportand Downtown Transit Center bus station to other communities in Vermont, and toMontreal'sGare d'autocars de MontrealandBoston'sSouth StationandLogan International Airport. Premier Coach'sVermont Translinesalso provides intercity bus service between Burlington andAlbany, New York, along theU.S. Route 7 corridorin a partnership with Greyhound, also from the airport.^[121]Megabusprovides service between Burlington andBostonwith a stop inMontpelier, Vermont.

Burlington is connected to New York City via Amtrak'sEthan Allen Express, which began serving the city in July 2022. Service is toUnion Station, built on the city's waterfront in 1916.^[122]The extension to Burlington was first proposed in 2013 by Vermont governorPeter Shumlin.^[123]Prior to this, the nearest Amtrak station was located about 6–7 miles (9.7–11.3 km) to the east inEssex Junction, Vermont, which is served by theVermonter.

Rail service began in Burlington in 1849. From the late nineteenth century to 1953, theRutland Railroadprovided passenger service on theGreen Mountain Flyerand theMount Royalfrom Burlington toTroy, New York, with connecting service toNew York Cityvia theNew York Central Railroad. The last passenger train to run north via theBurlington TunneltoAlburgh, a town in the northwest extremity of Vermont, was in June 1938.^[124]From 2000 to 2003, theChamplain Flyerwas a commuter service from Burlington south to the town ofCharlotte, Vermont.

Air carriers atPatrick Leahy Burlington International Airport(BTV) provide the area with commercial service to major regional hubs and international airports. While scheduled carriers have not traditionally offered scheduled commercial flights to destinations outside the United States, there is a Customs Port of Entry for unscheduled flights.^[125]From 2011 to 2018, the only available international commercial flights for BTV were viaPorter Airlines' winter seasonal service to and fromBilly Bishop AirportinToronto.^[126][127]

Burlington is served by one major Interstate highway, along with its spur route into the southern part of the city, and is at the junction of two U.S. highways. Several Vermont state highways also provide routes into and through the Burlington area.

• Interstate 89: Though it does not directly enter the Burlington city limits, I-89 has interchanges in neighboring South Burlington, Winooski, and Colchester that provide access to downtown.
• Interstate 189: I-189 connects I-89 in South Burlington to U.S. 7 at the southern end of Burlington.
• U.S. Route 2is the main east–west route entering Burlington. After entering the city from the east, westbound U.S. 2 turns north to run concurrently with U.S. 7 towards Winooski and Colchester. The intersection with Interstate 89 is used by 42,000 cars daily.^[128]
• U.S. Route 7is the main north–south route through Burlington. Northbound U.S. 7 joins westbound U.S. 2 in downtown Burlington, and the two routes run concurrently north to Colchester before diverging.
• Vermont Route 127connects downtown and the Old North End with the New North End and thetown of Colchester. Throughout the New North End, VT-127 is a limited-access highway officially named the Winooski Valley Parkway, though commonly known as the "Burlington Beltline".

Burlington is the headquarters of theLake Champlain Transportation Company, a privately held company that offers ferry service for theNorth CountryofNew Yorkstate and theChamplain Valleyregion of Vermont. One line of year-round 24-hour service is provided from the nearby town ofGrand Isle, Vermont, toPlattsburgh, New York, with another line of daily service fromCharlotte, Vermont, toEssex, New York.^[129]

The city hasmunicipal fiber broadband, which providestelephone,broadband internet, andtelevision.^[130]In 2008, cable management tried to dropAl-Jazeera Englishfrom the lineup. This was successfully thwarted by protesters and the station was, in 2009, one of three "small cable operators" in the nation to carry this channel.^[131][132]

Burlington owns its own power company,Burlington Electric Department. In 2009, the department announced that it would purchase 40% of the output of the 40 MWSheffield, Vermont, wind-generated electricity when it became available.^[133]

Burlington began operating on100% renewable energyin 2014 after being a pioneer in the renewable energy sector for decades. TheBurlington Electric Department, which began operating in 1903, originally usedcoalas a primary source of energy. However, after experiencing the effects of fluctuating coal prices throughout the second World War, the department slowly began using wood as an energy source because of the price and overall energy efficiency of wood.^[134]Since then, the city has experienced a sustainability boom, and today runs on 100% renewable energy. A succession of mayors in the city, along with corresponding public interest, are credited with this change. Gordon Paquette made the decision to completely transition from coal to wood at the McNeil Generating Station in 1977, and Bernie Sanders picked up this momentum of the environmental movement in the small city. This continued with Peter Clavelle, who mandated recycling in the city, and passed a number of bonds which funded energy improvements in infrastructure. In 1995, the city issued the Legacy Plan, which aimed to "go beyond the branding and rhetoric and create actual examples that will resonate and make a difference in people's lives."^[135]

Today, that plan has come to fruition in many ways. The city operates entirely on energy from the Winooski One Hydro Plant, a series ofwind turbinesand solar panels, as well as the sustainably-sourced wood burning plant at McNeil Generating Station.^[134]This made Burlington the first city to run completely on sustainable energy sources: a landmark forgreen infrastructure. Along with keeping energy rates low for customers, sustainability in the city extends beyond energy infrastructure. A non-profit organization in the city started an incubator farm that produces 30,000 pounds of fresh, local food for those facingfood insecurity. The city has also worked on drastic building restoration projects, installed bikeways for more efficient transportation, and prioritized energy saving in the downtown.

In September 2019, the former mayor Miro Weinberger announced plans to get the city tonet zerostatus by 2030. This would mean that the city would produce and consume equal amounts of energy. In October 2020, Burlington Electric proposed an ordinance that would require all buildings in the city to switch to electric energy sources.^[136]This would put the city closer to that net-zero goal, and continues its legacy as a trailblazer for sustainable infrastructure.

Burlington is home toUniversity of Vermont Medical Center, atertiary referral hospitalfor Vermont and the North Country of New York, Level I Trauma Center, and teaching hospital.

In 2010, the government banned smoking within 25 feet (7.6 m) of the city's parks and recreational areas.^[137]

Howard Center, headquartered in Burlington, provides social services to state residents, and runs Vermont's first and the area's only methadone maintenance program, the Chittenden Clinic.^{[citation needed]}

Burlington'ssister citiesare:^[138]

• Arad, Israel
• Bethlehem, Palestine
• Burlington, Canada
• Honfleur, France
• Moss Point, Mississippi, United States
• Nishinomiya, Japan
• Puerto Cabezas, Nicaragua
• Yaroslavl, Russia (suspended in 2022)^[139]

Burlington's sister lakes are:^[140]

• Lake Ohrid, on the border ofAlbaniaandNorth Macedonia
• Lake Toba, Indonesia

• Champlain College
• Five Sisters (Burlington, Vermont)
• University of Vermont

• City of Burlington official website