Alice Springs

Alice Springs Mparntwe Northern Territory
View of Alice Springs from Anzac Hill, with MacDonnell Rangesand Heavitree Gapin the background
Alice Springs Location in the Northern Territory
Coordinates	23°42′0″S133°52′12″E / 23.70000°S 133.87000°E /-23.70000; 133.87000
Population	25,912 (2021)[1]
• Density	79.121/km2(204.92/sq mi)
Established	1872
Postcode(s)	0870-0872
Elevation	545 m (1,788 ft)
Area	327.5 km2(126.4 sq mi)[2](2011 urban)
Time zone	ACST(UTC+9:30)
Location	1,499 km (931 mi) fromDarwin 1,532 km (952 mi) fromAdelaide
LGA(s)	Alice Springs Town Council
Territory electorate(s)	Araluen Braitling Namatjira Gwoja
Federal division(s)	Lingiari
Mean max temp Mean min temp Annual rainfall 28.8 °C 84 °F 13.2 °C 56 °F 282.8 mm 11.1 in

Alice Springs(Eastern Arrernte:Mparntwe^[3]) is a town in theNorthern Territory,Australia; it is the third-largest settlement afterDarwinandPalmerston. The name Alice Springs was given by surveyorWilliam Whitfield Millsafter Alice, Lady Todd (néeAlice Gillam Bell), wife of the telegraph pioneer SirCharles Todd. Known colloquially asThe Aliceor simplyAlice, the town is situated roughly in Australia's geographic centre. It is nearlyequidistantfromAdelaideandDarwin.^[4]

The area is also known locally asMparntweto itsoriginal inhabitants, theArrernte, who have lived in the Central Australian desert in and around what is now Alice Springs for tens of thousands of years.

Alice Springs had an urban population of 25,912 in August 2021.^[1]The town's population accounts for approximately 10 per cent of the population of the Northern Territory.^[5]

The town straddles the usually dryTodd Riveron the northern side of theMacDonnell Ranges. The surrounding region is known as Central Australia, or theRed Centre, an arid environment consisting of several deserts. Temperatures in Alice Springs can vary, with an average maximum in summer of 35.6 °C (96.1 °F) and an average minimum in winter of 5.1 °C (41.2 °F).^[6]

TheArrerntepeople are thetraditional ownersof the Alice Springs area and surroundingMacDonnell Ranges.^[7]They have lived in the area for at least 30,000 years.^[8]The traditional name for the township area isMparntwe.^[9]Mparntwe is Arrernte for "watering place", referencing Atherreyurre,^[10]a waterhole in the Todd River at Old Telegraph Station (known as Alice Springs). Mparntwe refers to the majority of the Alice Springs township, with two additional names -Irlpmecovering the south andAntulyethe east.^[11]

Mparntwe is pronouncedM'bun-twa.^{[citation needed]}

Arrernte has been spelt in various forms, including Aranda, Arrarnta, and Arunta. There are five dialects of theArrernte language: South-eastern, Central, Northern, Eastern and North-eastern.^[12]

Arrernte country is rich with mountain ranges, waterholes and gorges, which create a variety of natural habitats. According to Arrernte traditional histories, the landscape was shaped by the Yeperenye, Ntyarlke, and Utnerrengatye caterpillars^[13][14]and Akngwelye or wild dogs.^[15]

Sites of traditional importance include Anthwerrke (Emily Gap), Akeyulerre (Billy Goat Hill), Ntaripe (Heavitree Gap), Atnelkentyarliweke (ANZAC Hill) and Alhekulyele (Mt Gillen).^[9]

In 1861–62,John McDouall Stuartled an expedition through Central Australia to the west of what later became Alice Springs, thereby establishing a route from the south of the continent to the north.^[16]

A settlement named after Stuart was necessitated ten years later with the construction of a repeater station on theAustralian Overland Telegraph Line(OTL), which linkedAdelaidetoDarwinandGreat Britain. The OTL was completed in 1872. It traced Stuart's route and opened up the interior for permanent settlement. TheAlice Springs Telegraph Stationwas sited near what was thought to be a permanent waterhole in the normally dryTodd River,^[17]named Alice Springs^[18]by W.W. Mills after the wife of the Superintendent of Telegraphs and Postmaster General of South Australia, SirCharles Todd, who was the driving force for constructing the OTL. The nearby settlement of Stuart was renamed Alice Springs on 31 August 1933.^[19]The Todd River^[20]and its tributary the Charles River,^[21]which meet near the telegraph station, were named after Sir Charles.

It was not untilalluvialgold was discovered at Arltunga, 100 kilometres (62 mi) east of the present Alice Springs, in 1887 that any significant European settlement occurred.^[22]The town's first substantial building was theStuart Town Gaolin Parson's Street; this was built in 1909, when the town had a European population of fewer than 20 people. Many of the gaol's first prisoners were first-contact Aboriginal men incarcerated for killing cattle.^[23]The first aircraft, piloted byFrancis Stewart Briggs, landed in 1921.^[24]Central Australia's first hospital, Adelaide House, was built in 1926 when the European population of the town was about 40. It was not until 1929, when the train line to Alice was built, that the town's European population began to grow. Aboriginal Centralians outnumbered European Centralians until the mid-1930s.^[25]From 1926 to 1931, Alice Springs was the seat of government for the now-defunctTerritory of Central Australia.^[26][27]Until 31 August 1933, the town was officially known as Stuart.^[28]

The original mode of British-Australian transportation in the outback werecameltrains, operated by immigrants fromPathantribes in theNorth-West Frontierof then-British India(present-day Pakistan), known locally asAfghancameleers based at Hergott Springs, or Marree as it is now known. Many cameleers moved to Alice Springs in 1929 when the railway finally reached the town. They lived on the block where the town council is now, transporting goods from the rail head to stations and settlements to the north. A gold rush in Tennant Creek in 1932 kept the wheels of the Alice Springs economy turning until the outbreak ofWorld War II.^[25]

In 1941 FatherPercy Smith, an Anglican minister, founded St John's Hostel in Bath Street.^[29]The hostel provided accommodation for Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal children from remote areas who were attending school in Alice Springs. He had been concerned at the lack of opportunities for children housed in the government facility for Aboriginal children in Alice Springs, calledThe Bungalow. Smith went on to found and runSt Francis HouseinAdelaidein 1945, but St John's continued to operate. Children under the care of the Welfare Branch were also placed there, and the building had to be expanded. During World War II, the hostel served as a recreation centre for troops. The new two-storey building was designed to accommodate up to 50 children, with separate dormitories for boys and girls, each with separate study area and library. Several of the children were transferred to St Francis House over time, and St John's Hostel continued to operate until the 1970s.^[30]

World War IIbrought significant changes to Alice Springs. Prior to the war, Alice Springs was an isolated settlement of fewer than 500 people. During the war, however, the town was an extremely active staging base, known as No. 9 Australian Staging Camp, and a depot base for the long four-day trip to Darwin. The railway hub in Alice Springs was taken over by military operations, and the number of soldiers posted in Alice Springs grew rapidly, as did the number of personnel passing through on their way to and from Darwin. When Darwin was threatened by Japanese forces, the sea routes—the Northern Territory capital's primary means of transportation and resupply—were cut off. The evacuation of Darwin first brought a large number of civilians including elected officials and many of the territory government's records. Alice Springs became the war-time civilian capital of the Northern Territory. When Darwin was bombed by Japanese air forces, a large number of military personnel and their heavy equipment were rapidly moved south to Alice Springs.

The number of soldiers posted in Alice Springs peaked at around 8,000, and the number of personnel passing through totalled close to 200,000.^[31]Once the war ended, the military camps and the evacuees departed, and Alice Springs' population declined rapidly. After being visited by nearly 200,000 people, including the American GeneralDouglas MacArthur, Alice Springs gained considerable fame. The war years also left behind many structures. The historically listedTotem Theatre, created for the entertainment of this camp, still exists today. TheAustralian Armyset up the 109th Australian General Hospital at Alice Springs.Seven Mile Aerodromewas constructed by theRoyal Australian Air Force. War-related operations necessitated the first sealing of the road between Alice Springs and Larrimah, expansion and improvement of Alice Springs' water supply, and improving the rail head. The war-related operations left behind thousands of pieces of excess military equipment and vehicles and a marked increase in Alice Springs' population.^[31][32]

During World War II, Alice Springs was the location ofRAAF No. 24 Inland Aircraft Fuel Depot(IAFD), completed on 20 May 1942 and closed in November 1944. Each IAFD usually consisted of four tanks; 31 fuel depots were built across Australia for the storage and supply of aircraft fuel for theRAAFand theUS Army Air Forces, at a total cost of £900,000 ($1,800,000).^{[33][clarification needed]}

During the 1960s, Alice Springs became an important defence location with the development of the US/AustralianPine Gapjoint defencesatellitemonitoring base, home to about 700 workers from both countries.

By far the major industry in recent times is tourism. Almost in the exact centre of the continent, Alice Springs is some 1,200 kilometres (750 mi) from the nearest ocean and 1,500 kilometres (930 mi) from the nearest major cities, Darwin andAdelaide. Alice Springs is at the midpoint of theAdelaide–Darwin Railway.^[34]

Alice Springs was connected to Darwin by rail on 4 February 2004, whenthe first passenger trainarrived in Darwin from Adelaide.

The modern town of Alice Springs has both European and Aboriginal influences. The town's focal point, theTodd Mall, hosts a number of Aboriginal art galleries and community events.^{[citation needed]}In February 2024,AIATSIS Central Australiainformation and exhibition centre opened in Todd Mall.^[35][36][37]

Alice Springs' desert lifestyle has inspired several unique events, such as the Camel Cup, theHenley-on-Todd Regatta, Beanie Festival and the TattsFinke Desert Race.

Alice Springs has many historic buildings, including theOverland Telegraph Station, the Old Courthouse andResidencyand theHartley Street School.Adelaide House, a beautiful stone building in the middle of the Mall, Central Australia's first hospital, was designed and built by the Rev. John Flynn, founder of the world's firstflying doctorservice, in 1926. It was also the site of the world's first successful portable wireless radio experiment conducted by Alf Traeger. Today it is a museum, one of several significant tourist attractions which form part of The Flynn Trail a self-guided urban heritage trail.^[38]

Today, the town is an important tourist hub and service centre for the surrounding area. It is a well-appointed town for its size, with several large hotels, a convention centre, and a good range of visitor attractions, restaurants, and other services.

The region around Alice Springs is part of theCentral Ranges xeric scrubarea of dry scrubby grassland^[39]and includes theMacDonnell Ranges, which run east and west of the town and contain a number of hiking trails and swimming holes, such asOrmiston Gorge, Ormiston Gorge Creek, Red Bank Gorge andGlen Helen Gorge. The 223-kilometre-long (139 mi)Larapinta Trailfollows the West MacDonnell Ranges and is considered among the world's great walking experiences.

TheSimpson Desert, southeast of Alice Springs, is one of Australia's great wilderness areas, containing giant, red sand dunes and rock formations, such asChambers Pillarand Rainbow Valley.

Under theKöppen climate classification, Alice Springs has a subtropicalhot desert climate(BWh), featuring very hot, fairly moist summers and short, very dry, mild winters.^[40][41]Located just south of theTropic of Capricorn, the town of Alice Springs straddles the usually dryTodd Riveron the northern side of theMacDonnell Ranges. Alice Springs is located in Central Australia, also called the Red Centre, an arid environment consisting of several different deserts. The annual average rainfall is 285.9 millimetres (11.3 in), which would make it asemi-arid climate, except that its highevapotranspiration, or its aridity, makes it adesert climate.^[42]

Annual precipitation is erratic. In 2001, 741 millimetres (29.2 in) fell and in 2002 only 198 millimetres (7.8 in) fell.^[43]The highest daily rainfall is 204.8 millimetres (8.06 in), recorded on 31 March 1988.

Temperatures in Alice Springs vary widely, and rainfall can vary quite dramatically from year to year. In summer, the average maximum temperature is in the mid-30s, whereas in winter the average minimum temperature can be 5.5 °C (41.9 °F), with an average of 12.4 nights below freezing every year, providingfrost. The elevation of the town is about 545 metres (1,788 feet), which contributes to the cool nights in winter.^[44]The highest temperature on record is 47.5 °C (117.5 °F),^[45]first recorded on 24 December 1891, whilst the record low is −7.5 °C (18.5 °F), recorded on 17 July 1976. This is also the lowest temperature recorded in the Northern Territory.

Historical population

Year	Pop.	±%
2001	23,384	—
2006	21,622	−7.5%
2011	24,208	+12.0%
2016	23,726	−2.0%
2021	24,855	+4.8%
Source:ABS[48](Urban Centres and Localities)

According to the2021 censusof population, there were 24,855 people in the Alice Springs Urban Area.^[49]

• Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people made up 21.2% of the population.
• 66.7% of people were born in Australia, 3.9% in India, 3.3% in New Zealand, 2.7% in the United States, 2.4% in England, and 2.3% in the Philippines.
• 67.6% of people spoke only English at home. Other languages spoken at home includedArrernte1.8%,Malayalam1.8%,Punjabi1.7%,Tagalog1.1% and Warlpiri 1.1%.
• 51.6% of the population wasirreligiousin 2021. The largest religious groups includedChristianity(41.1%),Hinduism(2.5%),Sikhism(1.5%),Buddhism(1.5%), andIslam(1.1%).^[49]

  

As Alice Springs is the regional hub of Central Australia, it attracts Aboriginal people from all over that region and well beyond. Many Aboriginal people visit regularly to use the town's services. Aboriginal residents usually live in the suburbs, on special purpose leases (ortown camps), or further out atAmoongunato the south and on the small family outstation communities on Aboriginal lands in surrounding areas.^{[citation needed]}

The traditional owners of the Alice Springs area are theCentral Arrerntepeople.^[50]As it is the largest town in central Australia, there are also speakers ofWarlpiri,Warumungu,Kaytetye,Alyawarre,Luritja,Pintupi,Pitjantjatjara,Yankunytjatjara,Ngaanyatjarra,Pertame,Eastern, andWestern Arrernteamong others.^[51]

Americanshave lived in Alice Springs continuously since the establishment of the United States Air Force Detachment 421, in 1954. Currently located on Schwarz Crescent, it is part of a joint American–Australian project called the Joint Geological and Geographical Research Station (JGGRS). The unit is locally known as "Det 421" or "The Det" and has sponsored as many as 25 American families to live as temporary residents of the Alice Springs district.

To mark the longstanding friendship with the community, on 1 July 1995, the Alice Springs Town Council granted Detachment 421 honoraryFreedom of Entryto Alice Springs.^[52]Since the early 1970s, the majority of the American population in Alice Springs has been associated with proximity toPine Gap, a joint Australian-US satellite tracking station, located 19 kilometres (12 mi) south-west of Alice Springs, that employs about 700 Americans and Australians.

Currently, 2,000 residents of the Alice Springs district hold American citizenship. Many of these, joined by some Australians, celebrate major American public holidays, including the4th of JulyandThanksgiving. Americans in Alice Springs are also known to participate in a variety of associations and sporting teams, including baseball, basketball and soccer competitions.^[53]

Several small immigrant communities of other foreign cultures have found a home in Alice Springs, including Vietnamese, Chinese, Thai, Sudanese andIndian ethnic groups. The most obvious impact of their presence in such a small and isolated town has been the opening of various restaurants serving their traditional cuisines.

Alice Springs has a largeitinerantpopulation. This population is generally composed of foreign and Australian tourists, Aboriginal Australians visiting from nearbyCentral Australiancommunities, and Australian or international workers on short-term contracts (colloquially referred to as "blow-ins"). The major sources of work that recruit workers into town are the stations, mines, healthcare and law enforcement. Foreign tourists usually pass through on their way toUluru-Kata Tjuta National Park, whilst Australian tourists usually come through as a part of an event such as theMasters Gamesand theFinke Desert Race. These events can cause the population of the town to fluctuate by several thousand within a matter of days.

TheAlice Springs Town Councilgoverns the Alice Springs area, which takes in the town centre, its suburbs and some rural area. The Alice Springs Town Council has governed Alice Springs since 1971. The Alice Springs council consists of nine members: the mayor and eightaldermen. The town is not divided up into wards. The current mayor of Alice Springs is Matt Paterson. Council Meetings are held on the last Monday of each month. TheAlice Springs Regionis governed by the newly createdMacDonnell Regionlocal government area, for which Alice Springs serves as council seat.

Alice Springs and the surrounding region have four elected members to theNorthern Territory Legislative Assembly.AraluenandBraitlingare entirely within Alice Springs, while the mostly rural seats ofGwoja(known asStuartbefore 2020) andNamatjiraspill into the town. Historically, Alice Springs has tilted conservative. It was a stronghold for theCountry Liberal Partyfor many years; only the northeast (part of which is in Stuart) leansLabor. However, these trends were dramatically altered at the2016 election. Former Chief Minister and Alice Springs residentAdam Gileslost Braitling to Labor, Araluen was retained by CLP-turned-independentRobyn Lambley, and Namatjira and Stuart fell to Labor. As a result, the CLP was completely shut out of Alice Springs for the first time ever. The CLP regained Braitling and Namatjira in 2020, while Lambley retained Araluen for her party at the time, theTerritory Alliance.

In theAustralian House of Representatives, Alice Springs is part of theDivision of Lingiari, which includes all of the Territory outside the Darwin/Palmerston area. Lingiari is currently held by Labor memberMarion Scrymgour.

Alice Springs began as a service town to the pastoral industry that first came to the region. The introduction of the rail line increased its economy.^[54]Today the town services a region of 546,046 square kilometres (210,830 sq mi) and a regional population of 38,749.^{[citation needed]}The region includes a number of mining and pastoral communities, the Joint Defence Space Research Facility atPine Gapand tourist attractions atUluru-Kata Tjuta National Park,Watarrka National Parkand theMacDonnell Ranges.

The largest employer in Alice Springs is the Northern Territory Government, with 8% of employed people working in government administration, 7% in school education, and 4% in the Alice Springs Hospital.^[55]The economy of Alice Springs is somewhat reliant on domestic and international tourism, with 4% of its workforce employed providing accommodation.^[55]Several major tour companies have a base in Alice Springs, as well as numerous local operators offering tours to sites in the region, including Uluru and the MacDonnell Ranges.^[56]

A dispatch centre for theRoyal Flying Doctor Serviceoperates here.^[57]

Education is overseen territory-wide by the Department of Education and Training (DET). It works to continually improve education outcomes for all students, with a focus on Indigenous students.^[58]

Alice Springs is served by a number of public and private schools that cater to local and overseas students.

Alice Springs School of the Airdelivers education to students in remote areas.

There are 10 private schools.^[59]Yirara Collegeis a co-educational secondary boarding school catering for around 200 Aboriginal students run by theFinke River Mission. It has another campus inKintore^[60](Walungurru), which has four rooms and caters for around 30 students.^[61]

The Alice Springs Campus ofCharles Darwin Universityoffers courses inTAFEand higher education. The Centre for Appropriate Technology was established in 1980 and provides a range of services to encourage and help Aboriginal people enhance their quality of life in remote communities.

Parrtjima − A Festival in Light(pronouncedpar-chee-ma^[62]) subtitled − A Festival in Light, takes place over 10 days each April in the desert outside Alice Springs. The name means "shedding both light and understanding" in the localArrernte language, and the festival aims "to celebrate the oldest continuous cultures in the world through the latest technology". It includes light shows, artworks, storytelling, and other manifestations ofAboriginal Australian culture,^[63]and bothAlice Springs Desert Parkand at theAraluen Arts Centre^[64]are also venues for interactive workshops, Indigenous music and dance, films by Aboriginal filmmakers, and talks. The festival, which has free admission,^[63][62]has run annually since 2016.^[65]

In 2022, the festival was curated for the fifth time byRhoda Roberts. It featured a 2-kilometre (1.2 mi) stretch of light installations; musical actsDan Sultan,BARKAA, andKing Stingray; and aretrospectiveof the work of Indigenous filmmakerWarwick Thornton.^[66]

In 2023, Roberts once again curated Parrtjima. The festival featured the artwork which women artists ofMutitjuluhad created for theUluru Statement from the Heart,^[67]led byRene Kulitja, as a huge immersive light installation. The theme of the festival is "Listen with the heart", and musicians performing at the festival includeRichard FranklandandJK-47.^[68]

The town's focal point, theTodd Mall, hosts a number of Aboriginal art galleries and community events. Alice Springs' desert lifestyle has inspired several unique events, such as the Alice Desert Festival, the Red Centre NATS, Blacken Open Air music festival, theCamel Cup, theHenley-on-Todd Regatta, theBeanie Festival, and theFinke Desert Race. The Finke Desert Race is a "there and back" challenge from Alice Springs toAputula(Finke) Community, covering a 460-kilometre (290 mi) round trip.^[69]

Alice Springs is home to many local and Aboriginal art galleries.^[70]Several galleries showcaseIndigenous Australian art. Trade in Aboriginal art soared after the painting movement began atPapunya, a Central Australian Aboriginal settlement, and swept other Indigenous communities. Central Australia is the home of some of the most prominent names in Aboriginal art, includingEmily Kngwarreye,Minnie Pwerle,Clifford Possum Tjapaltjarri,Albert Namatjira, andWenten Rubuntja.

The Museum of Central Australia / Strehlow Research Centre^[71]features some of the most important natural history and archival materials tied to the history and culture of the region. The Strehlow Archives, containing the work ofCarl Strehlow, also contain materials linked to the Arrernte people of Central Australia.

TheAraluen Centre for Arts and Entertainmentpresents world-class ballets and orchestras, as well as local performances.

The Women's Museum of Australia (formerlyNational Pioneer Women's Hall of Fame) is located in the grounds of Old Alice Springs Gaol in the Heritage Precinct. Here women's stories from across Australia are presented with the lives of outback women as well as stories from the Old Gaol and Labour Prison. Objects include a large "Signature" quilt^[72]with signatures of over 300 women first in their field and a 4.2 m long Aviatrix tapestry celebrating the high flying lives of Australia's aviatrixes.^[73]

The town has some excellent small museums. The extensive collection at the Old Timer's Traeger Museum on the North Stuart Highway includes artefacts from the town's early Afghan and German residents, traditional Aboriginal artefacts and objects which show the early fusion of European and Aboriginal cultures, such as aspinifex-handled glass-bladed knife. Included in the collection aresoapstonecarvings by Arrernte artistErlikilyika.^[74]

Alice Springs is home to theAlice Springs Public Library, also known as the Nevil Shute Memorial Library.^[75]The library, in addition to its general borrowable collections (including e-resources), is also home to two special, not-for-loan, collections. These are the Alice Springs Collection and the Akaltye Atheme Collection, both of which specifically collect Central Australian content, including Aboriginal language resources (from around 16 local languages) and cultural heritage information.^[76][77][78]The Alice Springs Collection also holds a significant digital collection, including PDF copies of theCentralian Advocatefrom 1947  to  2015, and over 6000 images, primarily from the Central Australian Historical Images Collection.^[76][79]

Library & Archives NTalso has offices in Alice Springs, located at Minerals House on Hartley Street, which holds archival collections relating to Central Australia, includingTennant Creek.^[80]Collections held here include community collections and government archives.^[81]

AIATSIS Central Australiaprovides access to the major online repositories held by theCanberra-basedAustralian Institute of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Studies, including family history, photographs, and other publications and artefacts.^[36][37][82]

Other collecting institutions, excluding schools, include:

• Arid Zone Research Institute (AZRI) Library^[83]
• Batchelor Institute of Indigenous Tertiary EducationLibrary, Desert Peoples Centre Campus Library^[84]
• Central Land CouncilLibrary^[85]
• Charles Darwin UniversityLibrary^[86]
• NT Department of Health Library^[87]
• Strehlow Research CentreLibrary^[88]

Leisure and entertainment activities include hiking in the nearbyMacDonnell Rangesand driving the four-wheel-drive tracks atFinke Gorge National Park.

TheAlice Springs Desert Parkwas created to educate visitors about the many facets of the surrounding desert environment. The arid climate botanic garden,Olive Pink Botanic Garden, is a short distance from the town centre. They were named after anthropologist, naturalist and artistOlive Pink, who lived in the town for almost 30 years and died in 1975. She was well known locally and referred to by all as Miss Pink. TheAlice Springs Reptile Centreis located in the town centre.

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Alice Springs has a high rate of participation in many different sports, includingAustralian rules, baseball, basketball, boxing,cricket,football, golf, hockey,rugbyand tennis.

Australian rules is a particularly popular sport in Alice Springs in terms of both participation and as aspectator sport. TheCentral Australian Football Leagueformed in 1947 has several teams. The sport is particularly popular in Indigenous communities. The local stadium,Traeger Park, has a 10,000 seat capacity and was designed to host (pre-season)AFLand was the home to theNorthern Territory Thunderuntil 2019. In 2004, an AFL pre-season Regional Challenge match betweenCollingwood Football ClubandPort Adelaide Football Clubattracted a capacity sell-out crowd.

Association footballis popular among the younger community. A high number of children play the game. It is also played frequently by amateur adults in different divisions. There is also an all-African league in Alice Springs.

Both codes of Rugby are played in Alice Springs.Rugby union, managed by the Central Australian Rugby Union Association (CARU) is played in conjunction with the Northern Territory Rugby Union calendar which runs during Darwins dry season. TheCentral Australian Rugby Unionadministers a four team competition based in Alice Springs with matches played between October and March atANZAC Oval. The First Central Australian Club Competition commenced in 1986. There are four senior teams; Dingo Cubs Rugby Union, Kiwi Warriors Rugby Union, Eagles Rugby Union and Devils Rugby Union.

Rugby leaguehas been a part of the local sporting scene since 1963. The Australian Rugby League has held a number of pre-season games in Alice Springs, atANZAC Oval. The local competition is theCentral Australian Rugby Leagueand sanctions both Junior and Senior Rugby League matches. The season usually kicks off around March/April and runs through to Late August. There are four senior teams in Alice Springs: Wests, Memo, United and Vikings. Matches are held during the winter months at ANZAC oval on Saturday afternoons.

Cricket is a popular sport in Alice Springs and is primarily played at Traeger Park. TheImparja CupCricket Carnival first was played in 1994 and attracts Indigenous teams from all across Australia. The four main clubs are Federal Demons CC, Rovers CC, RSL Works CC and Wests CC.

Organized baseball has been played in Alice Springs since the mid-1950s. Currently under the national organisation of theAustralian Baseball Federation, the Alice Springs Baseball Association organises baseball competitions for youth players aged 5 to 18 and an adult competition played at Jim McConville Park and on Lyel Kempster Field at Traeger Park. As part of the worldwideLittle Leaguenetwork, Alice Springs players and compete in the Australian National Little League competitions.

TheAlice Springs Golf Course, an 18-hole championship layout golf course designed by the architects Thomson Wolveridge, was opened in 1985 by a challenge match between top professionals Greg Norman and Johnny Miller. The course record of 64 is held jointly by, amateur members, Leigh Shacklady and Kerryn Heaver, beating professional Stuart Appleby's 65. Adam Scott won the Australian Boys Amateur Championship held there in 1997.

The Traeger Park sporting complex also hosts tennis, baseball, boxing, swimming,canoe polo, hockey, basketball, squash, badminton, gymnastics and skateboarding.

A unique sporting event, held annually, is theHenley-on-Todd Regatta, also known as theTodd RiverRace. It is a sand river race with bottomless boats and it remains the only dry riverregattain the world. Another unusual sporting event is theCamel Cup. The annualCamel Cupis held in July at Blatherskite Park, part of the Central Australian Show Society grounds. It is a full day event featuring a series of races usingcamelsinstead of horses.

Every year, on the Queen's Birthday long weekend, the annualFinke Desert Raceis held. It is a gruelling off-road race that runs from Alice Springs to the Finke community, then back again the next day. The total length of the race is roughly 500 kilometres (310 mi). It attracts spectators, who camp along the whole length of the track, and roughly 500 competitors, buggies and bikes, every year, making it the biggest sporting event in the Alice Springs calendar.

Drag racing is held at theAlice Springs Inland Dragwaywhich in June 2013 hosted a round of the national Aeroflow Sportsman Drag Racing Championship.^[89]In September 2017 12 people were injured when burning fuel sprayed from a drag-racing car onto a crowd of spectators at theRed CentreNATScompetition.^[90]

Alice Springs is also home to theArunga Park Speedway, a 402-metredirt ovalspeedway. The speedway runs from August to March and caters to cars,solosandsidecars. Located just off the Stuart Highway on the northern edge of the town, Arunga Park hosted theAustralian Sidecar Championshipin 1985 and theAustralian Solo Championshipin1991.^[91]

Property crime and violent crime, includingdomestic violence, often linked toalcohol and drug abuse, has been a significant social issue in Alice Springs in the 21st century, with most of the victims being residents of the town. Many approaches and programs have been tried over the years, with varying levels of success. After crime in the town rose dramatically since theNorthern Territory Governmentlifted alcohol bans for many communities in 2022,^[92][93][94]the bans were reintroduced in early 2023.^[95]

In 2024, aseries of curfewswere introduced to combat crime.

• The TV seriesPine Gap(2018) is set around the Australian and American joint defence intelligence facility atPine Gap, located near Alice Springs.
• Liz Phairincluded a song called "Alice Springs" on her 1994 albumWhip Smart.
• The groupMidnight Oilmention Alice Springs in their songs "Kosciusko" and "Warakurna" ('There is enough in Redfern as there is in Alice'); and they mention Pine Gap in "Power and the Passion".
• The well-known Australian song "My Island Home" was originally written about the experience of an islander living "west of Alice Springs", and this is mentioned in the lyrics of the originalWarumpi Bandversion of the song.
• Nevil Shute's novelA Town Like Alice, and the resulting film and television mini-series, take their name from Alice Springs, although little of the action takes place there, because part of the story is set in Willstown (possibly modelled on Burketown) situated north of Alice Springs, near theGulf of Carpentaria. The heroine, Jean, wants to change Willstown into a town "like" Alice. The local library in Alice Springs is named after Nevil Shute: theNevil Shute Memorial Library.
• Lasseters Casino in Alice Springs is the destination for the drag queen protagonists in the Australianroad movieThe Adventures of Priscilla, Queen of the Desert.The moviebecame a hit West End show, before transferring to Broadway.
• TheWestern genrefilmQuigley Down Underwas filmed on location in Alice Springs.
• Alice Springs is featured inBruce Chatwin's 1987travelogueThe Songlines, recounting the author's retreat into theAustralian Outbackin search of theAboriginals'Dreaming-tracks.
• Alice Springs is featured inBill Bryson's 2000 travelogueDown Under(also known as "In a Sunburned Country"). Bryson visits and describes the scenes of Alice Springs including the Telegraph Office, the Springs, and his trip to Uluru from Alice Springs.
• Dick Diverreleased a song called "Alice" on the 2013 albumCalendar Days.
• The opening track ofMystery Jets' 2011 albumSerotoninis entitled "Alice Springs", inspired by a tour in Australia.
• Ian Mossreleased a song called "Such a Beautiful Thing" on the 1988 albumMatchbook, which contains the lyrics "thinking back to Alice Springs". He has stated that he wrote the song as a tribute to the Northern Territory.

This section needs to be updated. Please help update this article to reflect recent events or newly available information. (July 2015)

Alice Springs is served by both local and national radio and television services. The government-ownedABCprovides five broadcast radio stations; local radioABC Alice Springsand the national networksABC Radio National,ABC News Radio,ABC ClassicandTriple J. The national Christian radio networkVision Radiobroadcasts on 88.0 FM.

Commercial radio stations are8HA900kHz,Sun 96.9MHzandGold98.7MHz. The sports stationTAB Radiocan be heard on 95.9Community radiois provided by8CCC102.1andIndigenousbroadcasterCAAMA Radio100.5

Alice Springs is home to Australia's largest Indigenous media company. The Central Australian Aboriginal Media Association (CAAMA) consists of a radio station (CAAMA Radio), music recording label (CAAMA Music), television and film production company (CAAMA Productions) and CAAMA technical. CAAMA serves to record and promote Indigenous talent across its own radio network (one of the largest transmission footprints in the world), and through sales of CDs and screening of CAAMA movies and documentaries on national broadcasters.

Five broadcast television services operate in Alice Springs – commercial stationsImparja Television(callsignIMP-9),Southern Cross Central(QQQ-31) andTen Central Digital(CDT-5), along with the Government-ownedABC TV(ABAD7) andSBS TV(SBS28). Imparja Television has a commercial agreement with theNine Network. Southern Cross Central is an affiliate of theSeven Network. Ten Central Digital transmits programming from theTen Network.

Imparja Televisionis operated from studios in Alice Springs. It has a program affiliation contract with theNine Network. The programming schedule on Imparja is the same as Nine DarwinNTD-8and Channel 9 Brisbane, with variations in Imparja's schedule forfootball,cricket,rugby leagueandAustralian rules. The children's showYamba's Playtime, news, regional weather, and other programs produced in Alice Springs by the station. Infomercials are shown in place of Home Shopping and other programs overnight and in some daytime timeslots.NITVis broadcast on the second channel allocated to Imparja by the Federal Government.

Indigenous community TV stationICTVis also broadcast in Alice Springs as retransmitted on digital channel 37.

From June 2020 until August 2023 no local newspaper was published in Alice Springs, following the closure of theCentralian Advocateafter 76 years of publication.^[96][97]The rivalAlice Springs Newsceased being printed in 2011, but continues publishing occasional articles online and maintains an article archive.^[98]In June 2023 the Today News Group announced it would start publishing a new weekly newspaper serving Alice Springs,^[99]and on 31 August 2023 the inaugural edition ofThe Centralian Todaywas published.^[100]

Alice Springs railway stationis served byThe Ghanon its weekly journey fromAdelaidetoDarwin.^[101]

Thenarrow gaugeCentral Australia Railwayopened to Alice Springs in 1929.^[102]It was replaced in 1980 by the presentstandard gauge linein 1980 which was extended to Darwin in 2004.^{[103][104][105]}

Greyhound Australiaoperate express coach services from Alice Springs toAdelaideand Darwin.^[106][107]Local bus services are operated byCDC Northern Territory.^[108]

TheStuart Highway, running north from Adelaide to Darwin via Alice Springs, is Northern Territory's most important road. The distance from Alice Springs to Adelaide is 1,530 kilometres (950 mi) and to Darwin is 1,498 kilometres (931 mi).^[109]

Flights fromAlice Springs AirporttoAdelaide,Brisbane,Darwin,MelbourneandSydneyare operated byAirnorth,Alliance Airlines,QantasandVirgin Australia.^[110]

Alice Springs is a base for theRoyal Flying Doctor Service.^[111]

• Paghman, Afghanistan, since January 2005^[112]

• Alice Springs Correctional Centre
• Alice Springs Juvenile Holding Centre
• Kings Canyon (Northern Territory)
• National Pioneer Women's Hall of Fame
• Pioneer Theatre
• Stuart Arms Hotel
• Stuart Town Gaol
• The Residency
• Totem Theatre
• List of films and TV series shot in Alice Springs
• Crying Out Love, in the Center of the World—Japanese film using Alice Springs as a location
• Category:Suburbs of Alice Springs

• Alice Springs Town Council
• Miller, Bob. (1994), "10 photographs",Alice Springs, Northern Territory, 1994– via Trove
• Radiocommunications licences in Alice Springson ACMA website
• History of the stratospheric balloon launch base located in the Alice Spring airport and records of balloons launched there