播音员（Radio and television announcers）主要是从事音乐台、电视台、体育频道或其他节目的专业人士，通常在节目中会添加个人评论和看法，或邀请嘉宾共同就某一个话题或发生的重大事件等进行探讨。播音员也包括正式场合（婚礼）的司仪和酒吧DJ等。
工作内容
职责要求——
- 准备播音稿
- 邀请嘉宾
- 播音专业电台或政府要闻
- 话题讨论
- 诵读演播稿
- 时事评论
- 评述
- 选择栏目
- 宣传
播音员的主职工作除播音外，还要掌握其他相关工作如，设备操作、广告合作、制作广告等。除做电视节目、广播节目外，有的播音员还致力于互联网社交平台。
公共广播系统（Public address system, PA）是有线广播系统，它包括背景音乐和紧急广播功能，通常结合在一起，平时播放背景音乐或其他节目，出现火灾等紧急事故时，转换为报警广播。该职业工作相对其他职业工作场合不固定。
工作内容包括——
- 安排播音频道和其他细节问题
- 准备公共信息广播（非娱乐性，如：火车票预定时间等）
- 最新项目
- 评述体育现场直播
播音员职业种类——
- DJ
- TALK秀
- 公共播音员
- 派对DJ：婚礼、生日派对、公司年会
- 司仪 *(4)
工作环境
广播电视播音员从事行业表
Industry |
Employment |
Percent of industry employment |
Hourly mean wage |
Annual mean wage |
|
Radio and Television Broadcasting |
广播电视业 |
29,170 |
13.6 |
19.30 |
40,140.00 |
Colleges, Universities, and Professional Schools |
高等教育 |
390 |
0.0 |
22.67 |
47,160.00 |
Independent Artists, Writers, and Performers |
独立艺术家、作家及演员 |
330 |
0.7 |
25.47 |
52,970.00 |
Spectator Sports |
竞技体育 |
270 |
0.2 |
47.75 |
99,320.00 |
Motion Picture and Video Industries |
影视业 |
220 |
0.1 |
41.56 |
86,430.00 |
Sound Recording Industries |
音像业 |
30 |
0.2 |
-8 |
-8.00 |
Cable and Other Subscription Programming |
有线电视及其他订阅节目 |
140 |
0.2 |
-8 |
-8.00 |
Performing Arts Companies |
演艺公司 |
60 |
0.1 |
$48.86 |
101,630.00 |
Managementof Companies and Enterprises |
企业管理 |
30 |
-7.0 |
$25.65 |
53,360.00 |
*(1)
公共播音员从事行业表
Industry |
Employment |
Percent of industry employment |
Hourly mean wage |
Annual mean wage |
|
Independent Artists, Writers, and Performers |
独立艺术家、作家及演员 |
1,970 |
3.99 |
$21.03 |
$43,740 |
Other Amusement and Recreation Industries |
其他娱乐休闲行业 |
690 |
0.06 |
$9.94 |
$20,670 |
Radio and Television Broadcasting |
广播电视业 |
620 |
0.29 |
$12.44 |
$25,880 |
Restaurants and Other Eating Places & Drinking Places (Alcoholic Beverages)餐饮业 |
餐饮业 |
3,160 |
0.75 |
$18.43 |
$38,325 |
Performing Arts Companies |
演艺公司 |
400 |
0.35 |
$30.18 |
$62,770 |
Spectator Sports |
竞技体育 |
400 |
0.3 |
$19.17 |
$39,870 |
Traveler Accommodation |
酒店 |
30 |
-7 |
$21.27 |
$44,240 |
Other Personal Services |
其他个人服务业 |
-8 |
-8 |
$19.77 |
$41,120 |
*(2)
从上表得出，广播电视播音员大部分从事的对口行业，即广播电视业；而公共播音员主要从事于餐饮业最多且工作场合不固定（婚礼、生日派对、酒吧等）。
广播电视播音员工作条件相对于公共广播员场所固定，光线充足、配备空调和音响等设备；整体而言，播音员大部分以全职工作为主，工作日程比较紧张，工作压力较大；部分广播电视播音员要全天24小时工作，绝大部分播音员的播音时间制定在凌晨或晚上，生活作息时间不固定；虽有高科技水平可以提前录制节目，非现场直播，但对播音员的身体素质考验还是非常大。*(5)
入行门槛
播音员的教育水平不一；广播电视播音员通常需要记者、播音主持、传播学等专业本科及以上文凭且最好具有专业播音经历最佳；公共播音员要求较低，只要高中毕业即可，还需参加短期在岗培训，通过短期在岗培训，职员可以更加熟悉业务需求。
由于行业不同，职业不同，因此，播音员的提升水平也各不相同。；许多当地的播音员通过个人能力可以进入更大的市场锻炼。
对于播音员而言，成名前都要经过几年的工作磨练，逐渐找到自己的播音风格，这是最重要的。通过现场经历，可以培养播音员的个性以及与观众的188体育在线客服 。所以，最重要的就是时间和经验。
技能要求——
个人形象（Appearance）
计算机技术（Computer skills）
沟通能力(People skills)
意志力（Persistence）
钻研精神（Research skills）
口语表达能力（Speaking skills）
写作能力（Writing skills）*(6)
就业展望与薪资
以美国为例，2015年，广播电视播音员平均年薪$46,410，从业人数30,390；公共播音员平均年薪$40,440，从业人数8,000。与同行业的就业年薪对比——*(1)(2)
广播电视业：$40,140.00
高等教育：$47,160.00
独立艺术家、作家及演员：$52,970.00
竞技体育：$99,320.00
影视业：$86,430.00
（广播电视播音员）
独立艺术家、作家及演员：$43,740
其他娱乐休闲行业：$20,670
广播电视业：$25,880
餐饮业：$38,325
演艺公司：$62,770
竞技体育：$39,870
2015年
- 广播电视播音员
美国从业人数最多州（前五）：
| State | Employment | Employment per thousand jobs | Location quotient | Hourly mean wage | Annual mean wage |
| California | 3,060 | 0.2 | 0.9 | $32.08 | $66,720 |
| New York | 2,170 | 0.24 | 1.1 | $33.49 | $69,670 |
| Texas | 2,040 | 0.18 | 0.8 | $23.95 | $49,810.00 |
| Florida | 1,840 | 0.23 | 1.05 | $20.39 | $42,420 |
| Illinois | 1,340 | 0.23 | 1.04 | $20.13 | $41,870 |
*(1)
美国产业最集中州（前五）：
| State | Employment | Employment per thousand jobs | Location quotient | Hourly mean wage | Annual mean wage |
| South Dakota | 370 | 0.89 | 4.06 | $15.00 | $31,190 |
| Vermont | 170 | 0.55 | 2.52 | $15.42 | $32,080 |
| North Dakota | 230 | 0.52 | 2.36 | $14.43 | $30,020.00 |
| Nebraska | 490 | 0.51 | 2.32 | $16.20 | $33,700 |
| Montana | 200 | 0.46 | 2.07 | $14.52 | $30,210 |
*(1)
美国从业人数最多都会区：
| Metropolitan area | Employment | Employment per thousand jobs | Location quotient | Hourly mean wage | Annual mean wage |
| New York-Jersey City-White Plains, NY-NJ Metropolitan Division | 1,530 | 0.24 | 1.07 | $38.23 | $79,520 |
| Los Angeles-Long Beach-Glendale, CA Metropolitan Division | 1,210 | 0.3 | 1.34 | $35.09 | $72,980 |
| Chicago-Naperville-Arlington Heights, IL Metropolitan Division | 820 | 0.23 | 1.04 | $23.99 | $49,900 |
| San Francisco-Redwood City-South San Francisco, CA Metropolitan Division | 500 | 0.49 | 2.21 | $37.83 | $78,690 |
| Nashville-Davidson--Murfreesboro--Franklin, TN | 460 | 0.53 | 2.38 | $15.39 | $32,020 |
| Dallas-Plano-Irving, TX Metropolitan Division | 370 | 0.16 | 0.72 | $27.51 | $57,230 |
| Houston-The Woodlands-Sugar Land, TX | 310 | 0.1 | 0.47 | $30.62 | $63,680 |
| Phoenix-Mesa-Scottsdale, AZ | 300 | 0.16 | 0.73 | $41.32 | $85,950 |
| Kansas City, MO-KS | 290 | 0.29 | 1.31 | $17.17 | $35,700 |
| Boston-Cambridge-Newton, MA NECTA Division | 290 | 0.17 | 0.76 | - | - |
*(1)
美国产业业最集中都会区：
| Metropolitan area | Employment | Employment per thousand jobs | Location quotient | Hourly mean wage | Annual mean wage |
| Cape Girardeau, MO-IL | 50 | 1.27 | 5.74 | $14.26 | $29,670 |
| Grand Forks, ND-MN | 60 | 1.16 | 5.28 | $13.87 | $28,850 |
| Carbondale-Marion, IL | 60 | 1.06 | 4.81 | $16.65 | $34,630 |
| Amarillo, TX | 90 | 0.83 | 3.75 | $20.05 | $41,700 |
| Lima, OH | 40 | 0.79 | 3.6 | $19.82 | $41,230 |
| Watertown-Fort Drum, NY | 30 | 0.75 | 3.38 | - | - |
| Bangor, ME | 50 | 0.74 | 3.34 | $17.10 | $35,560 |
| Spokane-Spokane Valley, WA | 140 | 0.65 | 2.97 | $22.20 | $46,180 |
| Springfield, IL | 70 | 0.63 | 2.84 | $16.42 | $34,160 |
| Tyler, TX | 60 | 0.61 | 2.78 | $30.53 | $63,510 |
*(1)
- 公共广播员
美国从业人数最多州（前五）：
| State | Employment | Employment per thousand jobs | Location quotient | Hourly mean wage | Annual mean wage |
| Texas | 960 | 0.08 | 1.43 | $19.14 | $39,810 |
| California | 880 | 0.06 | 0.98 | $20.04 | $41,690 |
| New York | 570 | 0.06 | 1.1 | $23.18 | $48,220.00 |
| Florida | 430 | 0.05 | 0.94 | $15.93 | $33,130 |
| Wisconsin | 380 | 0.14 | 2.34 | $19.38 | $40,300 |
*(2)
美国产业最集中州（前五）：
| State | Employment | Employment per thousand jobs | Location quotient | Hourly mean wage | Annual mean wage |
| North Dakota | 80 | 0.19 | 3.25 | $17.16 | $35,690 |
| Nevada | 210 | 0.17 | 2.87 | $15.32 | $31,860 |
| Montana | 70 | 0.15 | 2.53 | $12.80 | $26,630.00 |
| Wisconsin | 380 | 0.14 | 2.34 | $19.38 | $40,300 |
| South Dakota | 60 | 0.14 | 2.39 | $11.56 | $24,050 |
*(2)
美国从业人数最多都会区：
| Metropolitan area | Employment | Employment per thousand jobs | Location quotient | Hourly mean wage | Annual mean wage |
| New York-Jersey City-White Plains, NY-NJ Metropolitan Division | 400 | 0.06 | 1.06 | $24.37 | $50,690 |
| Los Angeles-Long Beach-Glendale, CA Metropolitan Division | 350 | 0.09 | 1.48 | $20.03 | $41,670 |
| Chicago-Naperville-Arlington Heights, IL Metropolitan Division | 270 | 0.07 | 1.28 | $25.77 | $53,600 |
| Minneapolis-St. Paul-Bloomington, MN-WI | 250 | 0.13 | 2.3 | $16.64 | $34,610 |
| Houston-The Woodlands-Sugar Land, TX | 230 | 0.08 | 1.36 | $16.41 | $34,140 |
| Dallas-Plano-Irving, TX Metropolitan Division | 220 | 0.09 | 1.59 | - | - |
| Boston-Cambridge-Newton, MA NECTA Division | 160 | 0.09 | 1.61 | $26.83 | $55,800 |
| Nassau County-Suffolk County, NY Metropolitan Division | 150 | 0.12 | 2.01 | $22.45 | $46,700 |
| Las Vegas-Henderson-Paradise, NV | 140 | 0.15 | 2.57 | $14.46 | $30,080 |
| Milwaukee-Waukesha-West Allis, WI | 130 | 0.16 | 2.72 | $16.94 | $35,220 |
*(2)
美国产业业最集中都会区：
| Metropolitan area | Employment | Employment per thousand jobs | Location quotient | Hourly mean wage | Annual mean wage |
| Fargo, ND-MN | 60 | 0.43 | 7.42 | $13.12 | $27,290 |
| Sioux Falls, SD | 40 | 0.3 | 5.21 | $11.41 | $23,730 |
| Milwaukee-Waukesha-West Allis, WI | 130 | 0.16 | 2.72 | $16.94 | $35,220 |
| Las Vegas-Henderson-Paradise, NV | 140 | 0.15 | 2.57 | $14.46 | $30,080 |
| Syracuse, NY | 40 | 0.14 | 2.47 | $16.88 | $35,110 |
| New Orleans-Metairie, LA | 70 | 0.13 | 2.16 | $14.11 | $29,350 |
| Minneapolis-St. Paul-Bloomington, MN-WI | 250 | 0.13 | 2.3 | $16.64 | $34,610 |
| Memphis, TN-MS-AR | 80 | 0.13 | 2.3 | $10.35 | $21,540 |
| San Antonio-New Braunfels, TX | 110 | 0.12 | 2.02 | $11.41 | $23,740 |
| Nassau County-Suffolk County, NY Metropolitan Division | 150 | 0.12 | 2.01 | $22.45 | $46,700 |
*(2)
注：
(1) Location quotient ：产业集中指数，其数值是该州该产业的从业人数的比重与全美平均水准的比值，大于1代表该州该职业每千人从业人数比例高于全美平均水平，反之，小于1则代表其低于全美平均水平。公式：（Employment per thousand jobs）/[Σ（Employment per thousand jobs）/50]
(2) 以上表均是2015年5月美国劳工统计局公布的数据。
2012年
（公共播音员）
从业人数最多州
State |
Employment |
Employment per thousand jobs |
Location quotient |
Hourly mean wage |
Annual mean wage |
California |
2,570 |
0.18 |
0.75 |
$28.78 |
$59,850 |
Texas |
1,810 |
0.17 |
0.71 |
$25.09 |
$52,180 |
New York |
1,710 |
0.2 |
0.83 |
$24.45 |
$50,850 |
Florida |
1,690 |
0.23 |
0.96 |
$18.61 |
$38,720 |
Pennsylvania |
1,450 |
0.26 |
1.08 |
$19.04 |
$39,610 |
California |
1,110 |
0.08 |
1.24 |
$23.10 |
$48,050 |
New York |
860 |
0.1 |
1.61 |
$23.82 |
$49,550 |
Texas |
770 |
0.07 |
1.17 |
$11.85 |
$24,660 |
Minnesota |
720 |
0.27 |
4.37 |
$16.61 |
$34,550 |
Colorado |
440 |
0.2 |
3.18 |
—— |
—— |
*(1)(2)
产业最集中州
State |
Employment |
Employment per thousand jobs |
Location quotient |
Hourly mean wage |
Annual mean wage |
South Dakota |
350 |
0.87 |
3.63 |
$14.94 |
$31,070 |
North Dakota |
320 |
0.8 |
3.33 |
$14.68 |
$30,530 |
Montana |
220 |
0.52 |
2.16 |
$18.07 |
$37,580 |
Vermont |
140 |
0.49 |
2.04 |
$15.11 |
$31,440 |
Kentucky |
830 |
0.47 |
1.95 |
$13.02 |
$27,080 |
Minnesota |
720 |
0.27 |
4.37 |
$16.61 |
$34,550 |
Rhode Island |
110 |
0.24 |
3.81 |
$19.16 |
$39,850 |
Nevada |
240 |
0.22 |
3.45 |
$14.22 |
$29,580 |
North Dakota |
80 |
0.2 |
3.28 |
—— |
—— |
Colorado |
440 |
0.2 |
3.18 |
—— |
—— |
*(1)(2)
参考资料
(1) Occupational Employment and Wages, May 2012 27 -3011 Radio and Television Announcers U.S. Bureau of LaborStatistics
(2) Occupational Employment and Wages, May 2012 27 -3012 Public Address System and Other Announcers U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics
(3) Announcers, Summary U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics
(4) Announcers, What They Do U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics
(5) Announcers, Work Environment U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics
(6) Announcers, How to Become One U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics